Maintain accuracy of colour reproduction between equipment and processes in print production
Gamut -
RGB, CMYK and hexachrome. Gamuts describes how accurately particular systems can reproduce certain colours. RBG can reproduce approx 70% of what the human eye can see with CMYK being even less. Using colours outside that gamut the printing processes will select the closest natural colour.
Colour Profiles -
often pre-defined in relation to he specific printing equipment and stock
pre-set colour profiles differ on photoshop, illustrator and indesign as they assume different print requirements for each package, Correct package for correct means.
Coated/uncoated -
Paper coating provided a certain surface quality but can affect how the ink is absorber, how sharp the image will appear. Coated stock, ink doesn't absorb as much which creates crisp and sharp images, uncoated gives a softer and more natural print.
Process colour -
CMYK is offset lithography colours are applied using the CMYK gamut applied using half tone dots
Spot colour -
must be define if a colour to be printed lies outside the working gamut system. Spot colours must be define within the image file, swatches and in any conversations with the printer. Spot colours can be defines using pantone colour system as a reference- the pantone codes will not look the same on screen as they do in print so used printed references.
Lithography -
this printing process uses plates and ink is applied on the basis that oil and water repel each other. Ink from plates are offset onto a rubber printing surface before being applies to the paper.
- high end publications as more accurate
Web -
ultra high volume printing often onto huge rolls of paper. often uses flexography (relief) or rotogravure (intaglio). Much cheaper than Lithography over long runs but more expensive to set up and is less accurate.
- cheaper publications such as newspapers
Printing and alignment -
Black or registration black
in offset lithography black is one plate in the printing processes
registration is black achieved by printing all four plate colours in the same space
Bleed -
Full bleed images must be printed beyond the margin limits to ensure white edges don't appear after trimming.
Crop Marks -
communicate the trim origins.
Finishes -
Tipped-in page -
a page this is printed separately but bound along with the other pages (different stock)
Tip-on -
added content glues to a page or cover, e.g.membership cared
Duplexing -
bonding two different stocks together to act as one page with different textures
Foil Blocking -
coloured foil is presses into the stock using a foil stamp
Embossing/Debossing -
Emboss refers to a raised surface, debossing references to an indented surface
Die-cutting -
design is cut out of the surface using metal die.
Laminate -
plastic coating heated-sealed onto a stock to provide a good finish and liquid resistant
Varnish -
colourless coating which is applied similarly yo spot colours. Varnish layers are often identifies to printer on a separate file using black to identify the varnish.
Standard book format -
mainly used in mass manufacturing.
Task - Plot and cut sheet in dimensions of standardise book size format -
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